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(N0 M del.) 2 SheetS- -Sheet 1.

P. PEARSON.

LOOM FOR WEAVING DOUBLE PILB FABRICS. v No. 440,113. Patented Nov. 4, 1890.

MM m 5 M40 (No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

F. PEARSON LOOM FOR WEAVING DOUBLE PILE FABRIGS.

N0. 44(L113. Patented Nov. 4, 1890.

WITNESSES:

NITED STATES ATENT FFICE.

FRED PEARSON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE HALF TO J. O. GRAHAM 00., OF SAME PLACE.

LOOM FOR WEAVING DOUBLE PILE FABRICS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 440,113, dated November 4, 1890.

Application filed March 12, 1889- Serial No. 303,049. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRED PEARSON, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improvement in Looms for \Veavin g Double Pile Fabrics, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the class of looms employed in the manufacture of double pile fabrics, in which, as is well known, two sheds of ground warp threads are separately manipuated in connection with separate weft threads so that two webs are formed, while, contemporaneously with the formation of the said two webs, common pile warp threads are interwoven with them, in such number and with so 1h frequency as the required density of the pile surfaces demands; and in which, subsequent to the formation of such double pilethread-united fabrics, a knife severs the pile threads and divides the two webs evenly, leaving a pile surface upon the face of each.

The object of my invention is to provide simple and inexpensive means by which a holding or tying thread or threads may be interwoven with the selvages of both fabrics in such manner as to temporarily, or until the action of suitable cutters, bind the opposing selvages together, the said holding threads by engagement with the temples upon the velvet rail serving to hold or maintain the fabric taut while the cutting operation is being performed.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side elevational view of a loom embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrative of the movement of two of the pile warp heddles and of the disposition of the holding threads in the fabric with relation to the weft threads. Fig. 3 is a top plan view of a portion of the woven fabric, of the temple engaged with the holding thread thereof, and of a portion of the velvet rail and take-up rolls. Fig. 4 is a side elevational view of the devices shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a front elevational view of a form of pile warp heddle frame (drawn to a reduced scale) represented as equipped with the usual heddle cords, and with the special holdingthread heddle cords hereinafter referred to.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

As this invention relates particularly to the selvagesof double pile fabrics, and to the means employed to bind holding threadsin with said selvages, I have deemed it unnecessary to illustrate in detail and to describe with particularity the well known loom mechanism in connection with which my said invention is necessarily employed. Suffice it to say that in this class of looms two sheds of ground warp threads are formed and two shuttles are employed; that the separation of the threads of the upper and lower sheds occurs simultaneously; that two shuttles are thrown at the same moment; and that pile warp threads passing from below thelower chute of weft to above the upper chute of weft are interwoven with both sheds so as to be caught in both fabrics. The sets of pile warp threads are of less width than the fabric to be produced, so that the ground warp threads beyond the edge of said sets of pile warp threads will, without any inter-mixture of pile warp, be in each fabric interwoven with the weft threads to form selvages. It is customary, moreover, at the edges of the ground fabrics and beyond the pile warp threads, to substitute special selvage threads in lieu of said ground warp threads, the said selvage threads being, though taken from a different beam,divided into the samesheds and operated by the same sets of heddles and heddle frames as the ground warp threads, and constitute, in fact, continuations of the sets of ground warp threads.

Referring to the drawings, A is the framework of the loom.

B are the usual heddle frames (by which term I mean the rectangular frames in which sets of heddle cords are mounted) and their supporting devices. B indicates the particular pile warp heddle frame or frames in which the special holding thread heddle cord or cords happen to be mounted, O the heddle supporting cords, D the jack levers, E the jack rods, and F the jack Wires with thread-supporting rods at their lower ends. 7

The heddle frames may be operated in any convenient manner. Each however is preferably connected with one of a series of levers G, which are pivoted at their bases to the frame-work of the machine, and intermediately of their lengths provided each with an arm 9 the lower end of which is equipped with a roller engaged in the camway h of a wheel H, of which wheels a series corresponding in number to the heddle frames to be operated are mounted upon a shaft upon which is also mounted a driven pinion I, engaged with a driving pinion on the main shaft K.

L are the ground warp threads, led from a beam L supported in suitable hearings in the frame-work and provided with a weight 6 to act as a brake. The said threads pass over and around suitable rollers to guide them and maintain them taut before being threaded through the eyes of the ground warp heddles.

M is the batten.

Nis a bobbin, of which two at least are preferably employed, one on each side of the loom, and from which are drawn off the holding threads '11. employed as hereinafter described.

In Fig. 2 of the drawings, the two selvages at a side of a piece of double fabric are shown bound together by the employment of two holding threads. I now assume however for simplicity of description, that but a single holding thread is employed at each margin of the double fabric.

Iplace within each end of a selected pile warp heddle frame at a suitable distance beyond the edge of the set of pile warp threads a special heddle cord 0, each of which has an eye O at an elevation about corresponding to that of the eyes of the pile warp heddle cords in said heddle frame. A separate holding thread n from the spools N is threaded through each of the eyes 0*. WVhen therefore as stated, in the operation of the loom, the selected pile warp heddle frame in common with the other pile warp heddle frames is lifted and dropped, laying its pile warp threads sometimes above the weft chute of the upper fabric and sometimes below the weft chute of the lowest fabric, the holding threads, interweaving with the selvage threads, will be correspondingly caught respectively above and below the weft chutes of the upper and lower fabric and will bind said selvages together. It is possible to, if desired, attach a holding thread heddle cord and heddle eye at each end of each pile warp heddle frame, and employ a corresponding number of holding threads, but this is not generally necessary as it has been foundin practice that with ordinary fabrics two holding threads at each side of the double pile fabric are sufficiently strong to answer the purpose.

P is the velvet rail upon which the temples, one of which is shown in detail in Fig. 4,are supported.

Each temple consists of a transverse shank g, which is passed through a holding block, R, and has its outer end screw threaded and equipped with a nut, so as to be capable of being set to different adj ustments-and of a blade, Q, extending in the direction of the length of the cloth, the outer edge of which near its free end is straight and blunt, while its outer edge near the shank is curved outwardly and sharpened.

The blade of each temple extends forward into the interspace between two opposing selvages and between the pile warp threads on one side and the holdingthread or threads on the other, so that the tendency of the fabric to contract in width under the tension of the take-up rollers, or to wrinkle or fold under the action of the cutting knife, will be overcome by the engagement of the temples with the holding threads. The reciprocating knife which cuts the pile threads is close to the velvet rail on which the temples are mounted so that the cutting takes place while the fabric is held taut by the said temples. As the double fabric is drawn along by the take-up rollers the holding threads encounter and are cut by the sharp edges of the temple blades, and the separated or divided fabrics thus set free to be led away in opposite directions.

S is the knife-supporting beam on which the reciprocating knife employed to separate the double fabric travels. The knife and the mechanism by which it is operated, form no part of my invention and I have therefore neither illustrated nor herein described them, as they may be of any well known and ordinary construction.

T T are the upper and lower take-up rollers, shown inFig. l, the same being geared together so as to rotate at equal speeds, and

the-lower being connected with the main shaft of the loom by any suitable worm gear or other device, which I'deem it unnecessary to illustrate.

U is the driving pulley of the machine, V is the hinged belt shifting link, 12 an arm connected to said link, and W the lever in engagement with said arm, so that by the throw of said lever and the shifting of the belt the operation of the loom is controlled.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. A loom for weaving double pile fabrics, having temples substantially as described,- a series of heddle frames embracing pile warp heddle frames each of which contains a set of pile warp heddle cords and two special heddle cords, one of which is mounted at one side of the loom in the end of a pile warp heddle frame, and one of which is mounted at the opposite side of the loom in the end of. a pile warp heddle frame, which special heddle cords are separated from the respective edges of the set or sets of pile warp heddle cords by a distance approximating the width of the selvages of the double fabric, substantially as set forth.

2. A loom for weaving double pile fabrics, having temples such as described, and a series of heddle frames embracing'a pile warp heddle frame which contains a set of pile IIO warp heddle cords and also contains a special my invention I hereunto sign my name this heddle cord at each end of the frame sepa- 9th day of February, A. D. 1889. rated from the edges of the set of pile warp heddle cords by a distance approximating v 5 the width of the selvage of the double fabric, In presence ofas and for the purposes described. F. NORMAN DIXON, In testimony that I claim the foregoing as LEWIS ALTMAIER.

FRED PEARSON.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 440,113, granted November 4, 1890,

upon the application of Fred Pearson, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for an improvement in Looms for Weaving Double Pile Fabrics, an error appears in the printed specification requiring the following correction: In line 118, page 2, a comma and dash should be inserted after the word cords and that the Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed, countersigned, and sealed this 18th day of November, A. D. 1890.-

CYRUS BUSSEY, Assistant Secretary of the Interior. Oountersigned:

O. E. lVII'lGHELL,

Commissioner of Patents.

[SEAL.] 

